Yamaha DX (& SY) Synths |
CX-7 |
DX-7 II E! |
DX-200 |
FS-1R |
SY-22 |
SY-35 |
TG-33 |
V-80 |
| In 1983 Yamaha beginning with the release of DX-7 first truly digital programmable algorithm synthesizer based on the FM synthesis technology. DX-7 became great commercial success with over 180,000 sold units. The DX7 use a type of synthesis called "Frequency Modulation" developed by Professor John Chowning at Stanford University in the 1970s. Yamaha DX synthesizers use "operators" to generate sound Instead of VCOs, VCAs and VCFs known from the subtractive analogue synthesizers. An operator is basically a digital sine wave (or another waveform on later synths as DX-11) generator combined with an complex envelope generator that can be used alone or in combination with other operators. A combination of operators is called an "algorithm". The operators can be connected "horizontally" so that each contributes its own pitch to the sound (additive synthesis), or "vertically". In vertically connected configurations, the upper operator modulates the lower operator at a precisely controllable frequency ratio, resulting in highly complex waveforms that are the key to the DX system´s incredible sound. Some operators even permit the application of feedback so, effectively, they can be made to modulate themselves. Further, the sophisticated envelope generators incorporated in each operator make it possible to produce time-based timbre variations as well as level variations. The DX7 was one of the first synths with a full complement of MIDI ports. It also has a unique breath controller input port. This device allowed the user to manipulated the instruments timbre using breath pressure via a mouth held tube. DX/TX series were available either as a 6-operator or 4-operator synths. The first and second generation of FM synths was followed by the YS/TQ series which was based on 4-op DX-11 with some improved features for easier subtractive-like editing. The fourth generation was called SY/TG - SY-22/35, TG-33 had AWM and FM waves as a source for vector synthesis, FM was not programmable (Prophet VS or Wavestation is certainly much better but also much more expensive choice), SY/TG-55 are sample players (nothing special as a most of Yamaha´s sample based synths). SY/TG-77 and SY-99 had fully programmable and improved AFM synthesis (Advanced Frequency Modulation) and AWM2 (Advanced Wave Memory - samples). SY-99 can even load samples. Unfortunately the complicated editing makes these synths a real nightmare for some less experienced users. Unfortunately number two there is no TG-99. Anyway SY-99 is a kind of supersynth every serious synth freak must have. The latest generation is called FS-1R. It has 8-op FM .... well sonic madness. The DX-200 is a kind of dance music tool bringing the analogue knobs to the world of FM (by the way it is still compatible with old good DX-7). |
| There are many other devices using FM tone generators. Either keyboards (portable, preset synthesizers, etc.) or computer cards. If you have such a machine or any information please contact me to list them here. Especially rare products and prototypes as V-80 are needed |
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 FM Synthesis
- A complete description of Frequency Modulation
synthesis. YAMAHA
Manual service - Manuals for most FM synths DX-7 Heaven - Yamaha DX Fan Page FM Alive - Robert Morgan´s page with his free DX-Manager software |
